"cies" meaning in Old English

See cies in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /t͡ʃi͜yːs/
Etymology: Apparently from Proto-West Germanic *kiusi (compare *keusan). Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*kiusi}} Proto-West Germanic *kiusi Head templates: {{ang-adj|head=ċīes}} ċīes Inflection templates: {{ang-adecl|ċīes}} Forms: ċīes [canonical], strong [table-tags], ċīes [masculine, nominative, singular], ċīes [feminine, nominative, singular], ċīes [neuter, nominative, singular], ċīesne [accusative, masculine, singular], ċīese [accusative, feminine, singular], ċīes [accusative, neuter, singular], ċīeses [genitive, masculine, singular], ċīesre [feminine, genitive, singular], ċīeses [genitive, neuter, singular], ċīesum [dative, masculine, singular], ċīesre [dative, feminine, singular], ċīesum [dative, neuter, singular], ċīese [instrumental, masculine, singular], ċīesre [feminine, instrumental, singular], ċīese [instrumental, neuter, singular], ċīese [masculine, nominative, plural], ċīesa [feminine, nominative, plural], ċīese [feminine, nominative, plural], ċīes [neuter, nominative, plural], ċīese [accusative, masculine, plural], ċīesa [accusative, feminine, plural], ċīese [accusative, feminine, plural], ċīes [accusative, neuter, plural], ċīesra [genitive, masculine, plural], ċīesra [feminine, genitive, plural], ċīesra [genitive, neuter, plural], ċīesum [dative, masculine, plural], ċīesum [dative, feminine, plural], ċīesum [dative, neuter, plural], ċīesum [instrumental, masculine, plural], ċīesum [feminine, instrumental, plural], ċīesum [instrumental, neuter, plural], weak [table-tags], ċīesa [masculine, nominative, singular], ċīese [feminine, nominative, singular], ċīese [neuter, nominative, singular], ċīesan [accusative, masculine, singular], ċīesan [accusative, feminine, singular], ċīese [accusative, neuter, singular], ċīesan [genitive, masculine, singular], ċīesan [feminine, genitive, singular], ċīesan [genitive, neuter, singular], ċīesan [dative, masculine, singular], ċīesan [dative, feminine, singular], ċīesan [dative, neuter, singular], ċīesan [instrumental, masculine, singular], ċīesan [feminine, instrumental, singular], ċīesan [instrumental, neuter, singular], ċīesan [masculine, nominative, plural], ċīesan [feminine, nominative, plural], ċīesan [neuter, nominative, plural], ċīesan [accusative, masculine, plural], ċīesan [accusative, feminine, plural], ċīesan [accusative, neuter, plural], ċīesra [genitive, masculine, plural], ċīesena [genitive, masculine, plural], ċīesra [feminine, genitive, plural], ċīesena [feminine, genitive, plural], ċīesra [genitive, neuter, plural], ċīesena [genitive, neuter, plural], ċīesum [dative, masculine, plural], ċīesum [dative, feminine, plural], ċīesum [dative, neuter, plural], ċīesum [instrumental, masculine, plural], ċīesum [feminine, instrumental, plural], ċīesum [instrumental, neuter, plural], ċīs [alternative], *ċȳs [alternative]
  1. choosy; dainty or fussy (in eating) Related terms: ċēosan
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "choice"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chois"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chose"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "choys"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "chis"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "choice"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chois"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chose"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "choys"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "chys"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "choice"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chois"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chose"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "choys"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "chyse"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "choice"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chois"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chose"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "choys"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "chuse"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "choice"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chois"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chose"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "choys"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Early Middle English"
      ],
      "word": "cis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kiusi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kiusi",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Apparently from Proto-West Germanic *kiusi (compare *keusan).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesne",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesne",
          "ciesne#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīeses",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīeses",
          "cieses#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesre",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesre",
          "ciesre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīeses",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīeses",
          "cieses#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesre",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesre",
          "ciesre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesre",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesre",
          "ciesre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesa",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesa",
          "ciesa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesa",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesa",
          "ciesa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesa",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesa",
          "ciesa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesena",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesena",
          "ciesena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesena",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesena",
          "ciesena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesena",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesena",
          "ciesena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīs",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "*ċȳs",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "ċīes"
      },
      "expansion": "ċīes",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ċīes"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ang",
          "name": "Food and drink",
          "orig": "ang:Food and drink",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "choosy; dainty or fussy (in eating)"
      ],
      "id": "en-cies-ang-adj-DF3ydHae",
      "links": [
        [
          "choosy",
          "choosy"
        ],
        [
          "dainty",
          "dainty"
        ],
        [
          "fussy",
          "fussy"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "ċēosan"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃi͜yːs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cies"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "choice"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chois"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chose"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "choys"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "chis"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "choice"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chois"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chose"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "choys"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "chys"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "choice"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chois"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chose"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "choys"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "chyse"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "choice"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chois"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chose"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "choys"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "chuse"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "choice"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chois"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "chose"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "choys"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Early Middle English"
      ],
      "word": "cis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kiusi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kiusi",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Apparently from Proto-West Germanic *kiusi (compare *keusan).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesne",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesne",
          "ciesne#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīeses",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīeses",
          "cieses#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesre",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesre",
          "ciesre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīeses",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīeses",
          "cieses#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesre",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesre",
          "ciesre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesre",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesre",
          "ciesre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesa",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesa",
          "ciesa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesa",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesa",
          "ciesa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīes",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīes",
          "cies#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesa",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesa",
          "ciesa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīese",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīese",
          "ciese#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesan",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesan",
          "ciesan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesena",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesena",
          "ciesena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesena",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesena",
          "ciesena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesra",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesra",
          "ciesra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesena",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesena",
          "ciesena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīesum",
      "links": [
        [
          "ċīesum",
          "ciesum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċīs",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "*ċȳs",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "ċīes"
      },
      "expansion": "ċīes",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ċīes"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ċēosan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English adjectives",
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "ang:Food and drink"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "choosy; dainty or fussy (in eating)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "choosy",
          "choosy"
        ],
        [
          "dainty",
          "dainty"
        ],
        [
          "fussy",
          "fussy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃi͜yːs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cies"
}

Download raw JSONL data for cies meaning in Old English (12.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.